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HVDC & IBR grid integration studies

Connecting an HVDC link or a large converter plant to a grid already full of converters raises performance, stability and compliance questions at once. An integration study answers them together, for one connection and its neighbours.

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P-V curves · grid strengthIllustrative
00.511.500.51P (pu)V (pu)rated PSCR 1.5SCR 2SCR 3SCR 5
Voltage against exported power at unity power factor, for four grid strengths. On a weak grid the plant runs out of voltage before full output.
When it's needed

When you need it.

  1. An HVDC link or large converter plant connects where there is little synchronous support.
  2. The connection has to comply, and behave well next to neighbouring converters.
  3. System strength is low and control margins need understanding before commitment.
  4. Several schemes are coming into the same area and nobody has tested them together.
Method

How we run it.

  1. 01

    Frame

    Define the connection, the grid around it and the schemes nearby.

  2. 02

    Questions

    Set out the code requirements and the integration questions.

  3. 03

    Model

    Build validated EMT models of the scheme and the grid equivalent.

  4. 04

    Assess

    Performance, ride-through, current injection and control interaction.

  5. 05

    Report

    Risks, mitigations and the evidence, written up for review.

Tools and scenarios

What we use and what we test.

Tools

  • PSCAD / EMTDCConverters and HVDC
  • Impedance analysisInteraction screening
  • PowerFactory · PSS®EWider grid

Scenarios we run

  • Low and high system strength
  • One scheme alone, and several together
  • Credible outages that weaken the connection
  • Changes in dispatch and control mode
Deliverables

What you get.

  • ReportIntegration report covering performance, stability and compliance
  • EvidenceEMT results and interaction screening
  • RisksRisk and mitigation summary, with verification
  • ModelValidated models and documented assumptions

How we check it

Integration covers several questions, so the study says which method answers which, and names the conditions that decide the result. The operator gets one consistent set of evidence.

Selected work

Related case studies.

Case 01 · Power-to-XPower-system modelling partner to ET FuelsPSCAD and PowerFactory work for an e-methanol and eSAF project in Texas.Case 04 · RMS to EMTNetwork reduction for large RMS modelsFive tools that get a wide-area RMS model ready for EMT.
FAQ

Questions engineers ask.

Why does low system strength matter so much?
With fewer synchronous machines, the network is “weaker”: the same converter current causes larger voltage and angle excursions, which tightens stability and ride-through margins and makes interactions more likely.
Is HVDC modelling different from IBR modelling?
The principles are shared (detailed EMT, vendor control models, validation) but HVDC schemes have their own control structures and study questions; we model each to the level the question requires.
Can you assess several projects together?
Yes, and that is often the point. Assessing the combination can reveal interactions that individual project studies miss, provided the relevant models are available.
Next step

Have a study like this coming up?

Discuss a project contracts@velonenergy.com

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